L5.8

L5.8 Student Sheet¶

*How many atoms are in your smartphone?

PURPOSE: To navigate the periodic table to identify elements according to their period, group, region. To use the molar mass and Avogadro's number to calculate the total number of moles and atoms in a smartphone.¶

Part 1: Research specific properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids and place them in the appropriate boxes. Here’s a section in the TB to use and a PTE that shows the location

	Metals	Nonmetals	Metalloids
Properties	- ductile and malleable	- tend to be poor conductors of heat and electricity	- have properties of both metals and nonmetals
	- poor conductors of heat and electricity	- often found as gases or brittle solids	- intermediate conductors of heat and electricity
	- typically solid at room temperature	- generally have lower melting and boiling points	- often have metallic luster
	- often shiny and metallic in appearance	- typically dull or non-metallic in appearance	- found as semimetals between metals and nonmetals on periodic table

Part 2: Research specific properties of the periodic table groups/families of elements and place them in the appropriate boxes. Here’s a section in the TB to use & a PTE that shows location of these groups

	Alkali	Metals	Alkaline Earth Metals	Rare Earth Metals	Transition Metals
Properties	- Highly reactive	- Typically harder and denser than alkali metals	- High melting and boiling points	- Often found in compounds, not as pure elements	- Highly reactive nonmetals
	- Soft, low-melting, and low-boiling solids	- Good conductors of heat and electricity	- Typically dense, hard, and malleable	- Good conductors of heat and electricity	- Usually found as diatomic molecules
	- Low density, good conductors of heat and electricity	- Found in group 2 of the periodic table	- Good conductors of heat and electricity	- Found in groups 3-12 of the periodic table
	- Found in group 1 of the periodic table		- Found in groups 57-71 of the periodic table

| | | | | | | | | | | | - Good oxidizing agents, forming salts with alkali and alkaline earth metals | - Found in group 17 of the periodic table |

Properties of Halogens

Nonmetals
Highly reactive
Tend to form negative ions
Poor conductors of heat and electricity
Found in group 17 (VIIA) of the periodic table
Typically exist as diatomic molecules in nature
High electronegativity
Often used as oxidizing agents

Part 3. Navigating the Periodic Table of Smartphone Elements

Use the following Periodic Table with families to answer the following questions.

For Lithium and Potassium, what are the group number and family name?

Group 1A Alkali Metals

Find copper. List copper’s period, group number, and family name?

period 4 family (Transition Metals)

Besides copper, list at least four of the names of elements that are in this same family of the periodic table.

Silver, Gold, Roentgenium

For Antimony and Arsenic, what are the group number and family name?

Group: 5A, 15, Family: Pnictogens (Non-Metals, Metalioids)

Find lead on your periodic table. List lead’s symbol, period, group number, and family name.

Symbol: Pb, Period: 6, Group: 4A, 14

List the symbols of at least three elements that are part of the Lanthanides.

Lanthanum(La) Cerium(Ce) Praseodymium(Pr)

Are there any families that don’t have any elements in the smartphone? Why do you think that is true?

None of the Noble Gasses, because they're gasses.

What is the name of the element found in the halogen family in the smartphone’s casing?
What is the name of the only element that is found in the alkaline earth family in a smartphone?
Name the three metalloids in smartphones.

Part 4. Avogadro’s Number Revisited

Although manufacturers base production on the cost of the elements in the smartphone, engineers need to know how many atoms of the elements are present in the smartphone to do the work. The atoms send the charge or light the display or protect the electronics. The question of 'How many atoms?', is a count. We need to count the atoms, but they are too small to count, so we use mass. Scientists mass the elements and from this mass, determine how many atoms are present in a smartphone by using an equivalence statement.

Because atoms are small, we need to have a big number to represent the number of atoms that would be visible to the human eye and able to be massed on our balances. The number we use is called Avogadro's number. Avogadro's Number is 6.02 x 1023 Avogadro's number is a big number because atoms are so, so small.

Avogadro's Number, N = 6.02 X 1023

We have words that represent numbers in our language. For example, a dozen means a count of 12 and a ream means a count of 500. A sample with 6.02 x 1023 particles is called a mole.

In this activity, there are samples around the room with 6.02 x 1023 atoms or 6.02 x 1023 particles. Each sample is a 1 mole sample. Your challenge is to figure out how the samples were created? How do we, your teachers or any scientist, know the mass of a sample containing 6.02 x 1023 particles? We promise that we did not count the individual atoms because this would take 3,000,000 years if counting one atom per second to reach 6.02 x 1023 atoms (or to count anything).

To help you figure out how the samples are made, travel the room, record the mass, look at the data, and consider how the masses were derived. Good luck - and once you figure it out, create a sample of 6.02 x 1023 Iron atoms of your own. Your instructor will know if you understand if you can create your own sample!

Sample	Chemical Formula	Atom Count	Number of Moles	Mass (g)
Copper	Cu	6.02 x 10^23	1 mol	61.7
Zinc	Zn	6.02 x 10^23	1 mol	64.82
Aluminum	Al	6.02 x 10^23	1 mol	29.93

In your own words, describe how these samples of 6.02 x 1023 atoms of each element were made.

Your turn. Make a sample of 6.02 x 1023 atoms of iron using nails. Record the chemical formula and mass.
Iron	Fe	6.02 x 1023	1 mol

In your own words, describe how these samples of 6.02 x 1023 atoms of each element were made.

Your turn. Make a sample of 6.02 x 1023 atoms of iron using nails. Record the chemical formula and mass.

Iron

6.02 x 1023

1 mol

Part 5. Molar Mass, Moles and Atoms-How many moles are in your smartphone samples? How many atoms are in your smartphone samples?

Molar Mass: The molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance. The substance can be an element or a compound. The average atomic mass on the periodic table is the molar mass of that element.

The average atomic mass of a compound is calculated by adding the average atomic mass of each element taking into account how many of the elements are in the formula.

Molar Mass Calculations: Using the molar mass, the number of moles from a mass, and the number of particles from moles can be calculated.

Complete the following tables, using your disassembled smartphone aluminum sample, copper sample, your screen (see values from L5.7 student sheet) and this periodic table.

Smartphone Component	Chemical Name	Chemical Formula	Your Mass (g)	Molar Mass (g/mol)
Electronics	Copper

How many moles are in your sample? Show calculations

How many atoms are in your sample? Show calculations

Smartphone Component	Chemical Name	Chemical Formula	Your Mass (g)	Molar Mass (g/mol)
Casing	Aluminum

How many moles are in your sample? Show calculations

How many atoms are in your sample? Show calculations

Smartphone Component	Chemical Name	Chemical Formula	Your Mass (g)	Molar Mass (g/mol)
Screen	Silicon Dioxide	SiO2

What is the molar mass of SiO2? Show calculations

How many moles are in your sample? Show calculations

How many atoms are in your sample? Show calculations

Part 6: Your turn: As a team and using the mass of the elements in a smartphone infographic and this periodic table, figure out how to calculate and then calculate the total number of moles and the total number of atoms in a smartphone. (Do not use ‘others’ or ‘chrome’ in your calculation.)

Total number of moles of all elements in a smartphone _________________

Total number of atoms in a smartphone ________________

Calculation Space: Show all work.

NEXT STEPS:

Reflect on today’s question: How many atoms are in your smartphone?
Open up the IMT for this unit, complete all boxes for lesson 8
Make sure all parts of the L5.8 student sheet are complete and complete the Check for Understanding on Schoology. See agenda on schoology for review resources!

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Last update: June 5, 2023
Created: June 5, 2023